July 11, 2008

Le Tour, Duex

The "Let Them Eat Cake" blog category was started long before we had met Nicolas Sarkozy (or Carla Bruni) and was put in place to collect all our bashing of France. I come once more to praise her.

I admitted that I enjoyed watching the Tour for the excitement of sport, the beauty of the French countryside, and the preternatural athleticism of the riders. This all holds. But I am going to add that Le Tour de France represents classical liberal economics and individualist values better than any other sport.

I say this because it captures the hybrid of team and individual dynamics of the real world. Typical team sports blend individual and team achievement in a good way, it's healthy for young boys and girls and I have no objection. In cycling, though, you end up working with other teams when your interests match.

This happens all the time without any forethought between individuals, individuals and teams, or among multiple teams. Stages three and five were dominated by breakaways: in the first kilometer of Stage 3, four riders broke off the front on a very long stage. "Again, Bullwinkle? That trick never works" sneered the peloton in their smug little European accents. "The four of you cannot possibly sustain the power that the 174 of us can. When we feel like it, we will flex our collective muscle and bring you back. Mon Dieu, and all that..."

Only they did not. The audacious four held on and Samuel Dumoulin crossed the line first, followed by America's Will Frischkorn, Frenchman Romain Feillu and Italy's Paolo Longo. Their breakaway held for almost the entire 208km course. These guys are not on the same team, but they created an ad hoc partnership that garnered them glory and time (Feillu got the yellow jersey). Stage 5 was the opposite. The peloton allowed an early break to stay just out front, with multiple teams keeping the peloton close enough to snap it away in the last 300m.

Sometimes a team's second best sprinter may try to play off another team while his team sets up their star. This sounds an awful lot like business to me. You partner with a competitor to achieve a certain goal, go outside your team to achieve an individual goal, or even team up with a rival to smash somebody else.

All riders use the power of the group to advance their individual goals. Adam Smith would be proud (though he might wonder about those Lycra® shorts).

Posted by jk at 5:25 PM | Comments (1)
But johngalt thinks:

Excellent insights, JK. And I'll add that these dynamics used to exist in other race sports. Take NASCAR for example: Such self-interest elements have taken a back seat (pun intended) to the egalitarianism of throttle restrictor plates and universal body profiles from tip to tail. There is no discernable difference between a Dodge Charger and Toyota Camry except the badge on the front of the hood, and this is a true abomination. I'd suggest that congress force them to change their name from NASCAR to IROC but those (congress) are the clowns clowns who taught the virtues of "equality" to the good ol' boys in the first place.

Posted by: johngalt at July 13, 2008 12:06 PM

July 8, 2008

Le Tour

I love all things American and can be almost as much of a sports jingoist as James "Metric Football" Taranto. In all my time in the UK and Ireland, I never developed a taste for soccer. To be honest, the Olympics remind me too much of the UN for me to enjoy any but a few of my favorite events.

Enough Ugly American cred for you? Good.

The Tour de France is one of the great sporting events. They don't always speak 'merican real good, and they have funny names -- but this is well worth watching. I was an avid, compulsive cyclist before I had MS. I had a couple of 10,000 mile years, I went with no car for most of a year, and I was in the mountains every warm weekend (usually bleeding in the dirt).

I have the build of a blocking tight-end and not a bike racer, and I lacked the athleticism to be good, but I made up for my deficiencies in enthusiasm. More a mountain-bike guy, I nevertheless tried to follow the tour. And it was almost impossible, you could read about it in a magazine, but there was almost nothing on television and VP Gore's Internet was not up to video specs yet.

This year, the cable channel Versus (home of the Stanley Cup as well) is providing incredible coverage. I don't know that they will do every stage, but so far they have complete live coverage of each stage, commentary, interviews -- it's an incredible production.

The race is great this year as well. No time bonuses, and no prolog time trials have really opened it up -- the yellow jersey was available to about any rider on the first stage. All the finishes have been mind bogglingly exciting. It's July: hockey's done, football hasn't started and baseball is in the soft middle. Enjoy the French countryside and incredible athleticism of these premier athletes.

Keep the volume down, and if anybody asks, tell 'em you're cleaning your guns...

Posted by jk at 12:11 PM | Comments (0)

May 7, 2007

Vive Sarkozy!

The Republic of France (Fifth I guess, but whose counting?) has done something I wish Americans would do -- reject 1968.

On one hand, the President is not a powerful executive in the French system. And Sarkozy will face an entrenched bureaucracy that makes John Bolton's and Paul Wolfowitz's jobs seem easy. Yet it would be a mistake to underplay this choice that the French people made.

Larry Kudlow talks about a Sarkozy-Trichet axis: a pro-market, altlanticist leader in France and a powerful and skillful central bank president could really put Rumsfeld's "Old Europe" back on the economic map.

Kudlow does look on the bright side of things. But whatever the eventual outcome, the rejection of Socialism, in France, even well packaged as in Ms. Royal's candidacy, is a great day for freedom. Today France, tomorrow the US Congress...

ver.jpg By the way. For my blog brothers and friends who think of Sartre and Company, let me present an alternate Gaullist image (stolen from Instapundit).

Vive la France!
Posted by jk at 11:12 AM | Comments (2)
But johngalt thinks:

If it can happen in France, why not America in '08?

From Sarkozy's victory speech:

"I will restore the value of work, authority, morals, respect, and merit. I'll restore national pride and national identity."

And from a recent debate with the Socialist Royal he said:

"France's moral crisis has a name. It is a crisis of work," he told the 20 million French voters watching.

"I want the workers to be respected. I want to protect the French from seeing their jobs going abroad. I don't believe in living on social welfare. I don't believe everyone is the same. I believe in merit, I believe in effort and reward for that effort and I believe in social mobility. But above all, I believe in hard work."

Posted by: johngalt at May 7, 2007 3:12 PM
But johngalt thinks:

P.S. I'm with your demonstrator... "Chirac ist ein wurm."

Posted by: johngalt at May 7, 2007 3:15 PM

October 5, 2006

The French Intifada

Hmmph.

    Radical Muslims in France's housing estates are waging an undeclared "intifada" against the police, with violent clashes injuring an average of 14 officers each day.

    As the interior ministry said that nearly 2,500 officers had been wounded this year, a police union declared that its members were "in a state of civil war" with Muslims in the most depressed "banlieue" estates which are heavily populated by unemployed youths of north African origin.

    It said the situation was so grave that it had asked the government to provide police with armoured cars to protect officers in the estates, which are becoming no-go zones.


This and the 10,000 killed in Thailand are fronts in the war against Islamicfascism we simply don't hear about.

Posted by AlexC at 9:33 PM

June 13, 2006

Geno's Imbroglio III

The politically correct police have begun their thought-crime prosceution.

    Philadelphia's Commission on Human Relations has filed a pair of discrimination complaints against Geno's Steaks over its policy asking customers to order using English.

    The complaints were filed late Monday. The Philadelphia Inquirer reports that the city claims the restaurant is guilty of "denying service to someone because of his or her national origin, and having printed material making certain groups of people feel their patronage is unwelcome."

    The Inquirer spoke with the Rev. James S. Allen Sr., the commission chairman, who said it was the commission's job to get the sign removed.

    "We think it is discriminatory, and we are concerned about the image of Philadelphia," he said.


In somewhat related news, Philadelphia's crime rates have gone up. Shootings are up 15.2% to 809 this year, and a hundred and sixty-six homicides so far this year. Up two from the same period last year, which was the biggest year for murder in eight years.

But back to Geno's.

Sanely another steak shop (though not Pat's "King of Steaks" across the street) has taken my advice.

    Steaks On South is responding to the controversy with its own sign.

    It has posted a sign on the front door that says "feel free to order in any language. We will gladly serve you with brotherly love." The new eatery just opened on South Street.


South Street used to be the bohemian part of town. Now it's got the Gap, McDonalds and a Starbucks.

Regarding the earlier blog post and it's comments, here's a picture of Senator John Kerry eating his cheesesteak with swiss provolone and tomatoes.

cheesesteak.jpg

I'll give Joe Vento the last word.

    "Anybody who is here who is a proud American has to learn the English language. That's what that sign says. You don't want to speak English, you don't want to be a proud American. Get out of the country then."

    Vento now says he's received national and local support since his sign gained national attention.

    "No way is it coming down."

Update: Philly police officer "Wyatt Earp" says...

    How fun is it to see the libtards screaming about the sign Joe Vento posted at Geno's Steaks: "This is America. When ordering SPEAK ENGLISH! "? Yeah, how dare he make a policy decision for his own business?

Posted by AlexC at 2:22 PM | Comments (6)
But silence dogood thinks:

Funny thing is, at my local Chipotle it would be much easier for me to order in Spanish, if my Spanish were that good, based on the language of the employees doing the serving. My sign would say "Order in any language, but expect blank stares for those other than English" If your goal is to communicate, and the purpose of language usually is, then you must use the language that is understood. In this country that means English. Order in Swahili if you like, but don't expect to get what you ordered. The sign is not discriminatory, it is quality control. Any nationality will be served but an order in English will ensure your satisfaction.

Posted by: silence dogood at June 13, 2006 2:45 PM
But sugarchuck thinks:

When I was in Spain I really appreciated the good humor and patience of the waiters who helped me order food there. I am glad there weren't any "Spanish Only" signs up in the resteraunts there.

Posted by: sugarchuck at June 13, 2006 4:41 PM
But johngalt thinks:

I hear there's a major problem with young English speaking people flooding the food service sector in Spain and refusing to learn the local language. Lifelong Spanish speakers are finding themselves unable to communicate with businesses in their very own home town. And yet, no backlash. Those Spaniards... so compassionate!

Posted by: johngalt at June 14, 2006 1:35 AM
But AlexC thinks:

It's an amazing thing that English has become the recognized international language of commerce everywhere but here.

Posted by: AlexC at June 14, 2006 10:02 AM
But jk thinks:

Actually, the Spanish culture is in far greater peril from English and American culture than is ours from Spanish language and Mexican culture.

Posted by: jk at June 14, 2006 10:22 AM
But johngalt thinks:

All of these observations are true, but the most important one is this: Only in America do we ENCOURAGE the diminution of our own language and culture.

Posted by: johngalt at June 14, 2006 1:36 PM

June 12, 2006

Geno's II

Maybe Joey Vento should have put a "we reserve the right to refuse anyone service" sign up instead.06122006genossign.jpg

    The Philadelphia Commission on Human Relations will file a complaint later on Monday, effectively opening an agency case against Geno's Steaks of South Philadelphia, said Rachel Lawton, acting executive director of the agency.

    The Philadelphia controversy has fed a national debate over immigration in which the U.S. Senate passed a bill that would declare English the national language and politicians have raised objections to a Spanish version of the national anthem.

    The sign may violate the city's Fair Practices Ordinance, which bans businesses from discriminating on the basis of nationality or ethnicity, Lawton said.

    "The complaint will say that the sign discourages patronage by non-English speakers because of their national origin and/or ancestry," said Lawton, whose agency enforces the city's anti-discrimination laws.

    Geno's will be given a up to two weeks to respond and, if the agency determines the sign has violated the city ordinance, will be ordered to take the sign down. If the restaurant refuses, it will be subject to a $300 fine, Lawton said.


Mr Vento has no intention of taking the sign down.

Good for him.

I wonder if it's a $300 one time fine or $300 / day fine.

    Roberto Santiago, executive director of the city's Council of Spanish Speaking Organizations, said he received around 50 "hate" e-mails in response to his criticism of the sign.

    One from California said groups like his should be banned for representing "filthy, illegal alien invaders", he said.

    "This is dividing this nation," he said.


Geno's or this "mulit-lingual" thing we've got going?
    "I'm really saddened by these individuals who are upset by having to be tolerant. I'm glad I'm living in an America where comments like Mr. Vento's are out of order."

First amendment and freedom expression be damned!

Geno's is probably forty miles from my house. But it might be time for a sandwich.

Update: I take that first part back. He already has that sign. (thanks to Chris)
capt.7db9963cb0964580b7dadf866ba2bd56.english_only_cheesesteaks_px106.jpg

Posted by AlexC at 3:10 PM

June 9, 2006

The Geno's Imbroglio

Perhaps you may have heard of this.
genos.jpg

    Order in English only. That's the new rule at one of south Philly's most famous cheesesteak places and it is cooking up a lot of controversy.

    Geno's Steak owner, Joey Vento, has really touched a nerve with a little sign on his cheesesteak stand that says, "This is America. When Ordering Speak English." Vento has been getting calls from all over the country.

    "We got troops (that are) getting blown up, and here we've got this big, bad Joey Vento who's got the audacity to try to teach people to speak English in America where the language is English and if you don't know it, you're not going anywhere," Vento told NBC 10 News.

    So, what happens to a customer who cannot or will not speak English?

    "The bottom line is no one has ever been refused," Vento said.

    Vento said his workers are happy to help non-native speakers and haven't turned anyone away.


First off, Geno's and it's neighbor across the street Pat's are the famous cheesesteak vendors in Philadelphia. Nevermind that they both suck. Real fans of the steak sandwich go to Tony Luke's on Oregon Ave under I-95.

Anyway... Here's an entreprenuer, Joey Vento, who decides to run his sandwich shop the way he sees fit. And there's an outrage?

Actually it's more of a "losing your mind."

For example, YoungPhillyPolitics.

    Some would say, a cheesesteak is not a constitutionally protected right, therefore, being denied one really does not mean anything. But, in reality, it is so much more important than that. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (the "CRA") makes it so. According to the CRA, "[a]ll persons shall be entitled to the full and equal enjoyment of the goods, services, facilities, privileges, advantages, and accommodation, as defined in this section, without discrimination or segregation on the ground of race, color, religion, or national origin." 42 U.S.C.S. Sec. 2000a(a). It could be credibly argued that language is an indicia of national origin. Some people only speak Spanish, Cambodian or Chinese. To deny them the ability to order food based on their language necessarily relates to their national origin. In my mind, this is paramount to discrimination. Also, the racial classification of "Latino" could be implicated in terms of this language dispute.

Yeah. Civil rights. It's a good thing all the real civil rights problems in this country have been solved that we can worry about 8000 calorie paper wrapped heart attacks.

Phillyfuture.org has a round up of local links AND says this.

    This is sad and infuriating at the same time. Not only is there a complete lack of empathy in displaying the sign, there is zero recognition of personal and cultural history.

    It's one thing to encourage and help immigrants learn English. It's another thing entirely to forget where you came from and take some stand that spits on it.

    I can't help feel that the sign was put up for false reasons. That no one can be that hypocritical. That this is a publicity stunt and now we're all taking the bait. Pat's Steaks has been synomonous with Philadelphia cheesesteaks nationally. Now Geno's enters the national consciousness - for entirely the wrong reasons.

    There are children dieing in the streets from gun violence seemingly every day in Philadelphia. This kind of story is a distraction from the real problems the city faces and can even serve to re-ignite racial tensions.

    So there is only one way to say this...

    Shame on Genos. Shame on them.


Of course both posts miss the point that at Geno's you still get your steak. You just have to order it in English.

Blonde Sagacity writes...

    Vento says that his grandparents came from Italy and though they may not have spoken perfect English --they made an attempt to learn the language...

    (Notice: the sign under the order counter is of Daniel Faulkner -the police officer that was murdered by Mumia Abu-Jamal)

    Ya know, I might go get some Geno's today...


I mentioned that Geno's main competitor is Pat's - "the King of Steaks". It's directly across the street. In the country I remember, Pat's would have a put up a "Se Habla Espanol" sign up and Geno's sign would end up coming down. And really, I wonder how many customers this would have really affected anyway.

At the end of the day, it's his store. If he wants to alienate (pun intended) non-English speaking customers who insist on ordering steaks in __________, that it certainly his right.

pats.jpg

Posted by AlexC at 8:43 PM | Comments (6)
But TrekMedic251 thinks:

I'm siding w/ Vento on this one. How many times have you entered a Wendy's/McDonald's/BK and struggled to get the counter staff to understand you, when YOU are the one speaking English?

Posted by: TrekMedic251 at June 10, 2006 12:08 PM
But jk thinks:

I have had my rights stripped from me as well. I know the pain and anguish.

At Juan's burritos in Socorro, NM, Juan would serve you mexican food right out of his kitchen unless the Health Inspector had shut him down that week. It was great stuff. Juan good naturedly would feign deafness if a customer wanted "two burritos, please." Yet "dos burritos, por favor" sent his (not altogether clean) knife into a flurry of activity.

I cannot imagine "cheez, with" would take much more polyglotism than "Grande pollo burrito, por favor" Hell, they almost taught Senator Kerry how to order!

Posted by: jk at June 10, 2006 12:54 PM
But AlexC thinks:

Ahem... that's "cheeze wit."

About Senator Kerry, Pat's "King of Steaks" failed. Kerry ordered his steak with Provolone and Tomatoes.
Completely and utterly wrong. For trying to be "regular guy" he ended up looking like a schnook.

Posted by: AlexC at June 11, 2006 10:55 AM
But jk thinks:

My mistake. Of course, when I come to Philly, I'm expecting you to order for me.

I remember the Kerry thing, I found that very amusing. "Could I have a Lite sandwich with some crumbled Feta cheese, and a side of escargot?"

Posted by: jk at June 11, 2006 11:45 AM
But TrekMedic251 thinks:

Alex...minor correction: Kerry tried to order his steak w/ Swiss cheese and had to settle for Provolone.

Posted by: TrekMedic251 at June 12, 2006 2:31 PM
But AlexC thinks:

Swiss! Ha! They speak French in parts of Switzerland! ;)

Posted by: AlexC at June 12, 2006 3:10 PM

January 8, 2006

Liberté Chérie

Liberté Chérie is the name of a French, libertarian think tank. In "An Australian in Paris," Paul Belien interviews its leader and popular member (to the media) Sabine Herold.

The article is a good look at French thought that changed my mind about many things.

For many French, ‘liberal’ remains a pejorative. The French Revolution didn’t just lop off the king’s head, it enshrined the State in his place as the new sovereign. In some ways, perhaps, it was easier to kill the king than it was to kill the notion of kingliness. In France, someone is always in charge. Today, the bureaucracy is bloated and all-powerful. Bureaucrats rule their petty fiefdoms like little Napoleons, and the state regulates everything it can see. Welfare rules the lives of millions, and entrepreneurialism as understood in Australia or America is almost non-existent. People don’t just go out and do things, people wait to be told what to do. The king is dead, long live the king.
Okay, that's not surprising. But that only 7% of the French workforce is unionized? That nobody really knows how they are funded?

Very good article. In the lede, he points out that "After all, if one couldn’t believe three contradictory things simultaneously, [liberté, égalité, fraternité] one wouldn’t be French.

Like liberty minded people everywhere, they suffer from a paucity of candidates that really believe.

Hat-tip: Instapundit

Posted by jk at 2:41 PM

November 15, 2005

Jacques Carter

Fox News:

    President Jacques Chirac said Monday that more than two weeks of violence in the poor suburbs of France is the sign of a "profound malaise" and he ordered new measures to reach out to troubled youths and fight the discrimination believed to be at the root of it.

I wonder if the French are going to take the serious steps of freeing up their economic system to overcome the malaise? I suspect that they're going to look right past the systemic malaise and attempt to patch up the "dissaffected youth malaise" by throwing government Euros at the problem. Building youth centers, etc...

Are they going to be integrating the native born Muslim youth population?

Likely not.

Things are improving nevertheless.

After nearly two weeks of rioting France, only 270 cars were torched last night. Compared to the nearly 1,400 at the riot's peak, so it's hard to discount the progress in the French quagmire.


Footnote: President Carter never actually used the word malaise in his speech, but history has labelled it as "the malaise speech."

Posted by AlexC at 6:00 PM | Comments (1)
But jk thinks:

I heard somebody say that 100 cars is a "normal" Saturday night in France. Not sure if this is true.

Will they reform? I think Jonah Goldberg said it best: "More chance that Velveeta will be declared the National Cheese!"

Posted by: jk at November 16, 2005 10:27 AM

November 5, 2005

French Acquiescence

French Muslim riots keep getting uglier.

    A nursery school was badly burned in Acheres, west of Paris.

    The town had previously escaped the violence, the worst rioting in at least a decade in France. Some residents demanded that the army be deployed, or that citizens band together to protect their neighborhoods. At the school gate, Mayor Alain Outreman tried to calm tempers.

    "We are not going to start militias," he said. "You would have to be everywhere."


In other words, attempting defense is too hard.

Posted by AlexC at 1:30 PM | Comments (6)
But jk thinks:

There are a handful of media stories that truly frighten me and this is one. The most recent issue of The American Enterprise paints a dystopian vision of Europe’s future. I thought that it was maybe in a couple of decades or toward the middle of the century.

I am not saying that this is le deluge, but days of spreading civil unrest is not good. AlexC points out that they cannot stomach defense, they surely cannot stomach the tough economic and political steps needed to address the underlying causes.

Posted by: jk at November 5, 2005 1:44 PM
But johngalt thinks:

I see the same things in continental Europe as JK and AlexC do, but my reaction is opposite from JK's. I'm relieved that the inevitible consequences of socialism and multiculturalism will be played out on the other side of a great ocean. What WILL frighten me is if voters don't continue, even hasten, to repudiate such policies in OUR country.

Posted by: johngalt at November 5, 2005 6:56 PM
But jk thinks:

Mark Steyn's sobering view is not to be missed:

http://www.suntimes.com/output/steyn/cst-edt-steyn06.html

Posted by: jk at November 6, 2005 5:11 PM
But Silence Dogood thinks:

It is a sobering view, and an interesting article, but I am left wondering about Steyn's analogy to 8th century Moors and conclusion about government weakness. The geography and the ethnicity are correct, but what else? Did he overlook the racial riots of the late 1960's encompassing major cities in this country from Detroit to Washington D.C. to Los Angeles, or should I claim a conservative media bias? Racial tensions between police and youth would seem to have a direct comparison here or even more recently to the 1992 riots in LA. Had Lyndon Johnson or George H.W. Bush showed some sort of weakness that led to these outbreaks of civil unrest? Would he not have investigated or given any credence to African American grievances for fear of appearing weak and instigating more violence? It almost seems as if he is about to touch on the racial and economic factors and then lets them slip away unanalyzed. Fair enough to use these riots as evidence against the economic stagnation of socialism but to leap to government weakness upon the international stage seems to miss the mark.

Rioting should be a wake up call, but we should answer the right alarm. Now, before you put me in the liberal pacifist column know that I am not advocating we sit down on Oprah's couch with Islamic militants. I do believe force is required to restore order. My personal connection to the two LA riots is quite close. In August 1965 my mother was 10 months pregnant with me and my father was on the east coast to attend his mother's funeral. My uncle, a marine colonel drove up from San Diego in the middle of the night, his service revolver on his belt, to drive my mom and brother safely away. It turns out we were 20 miles away from the closest trouble spots, but it is a memory my mother will never forget. Same for me in 1992. I was a field engineer and covered east LA, Compton, Lynwood, and Southgate. I arrived home that Thursday evening to watch Reginald Denny be beaten on live television and violence spread to blocks where I had been hours earlier that day. Sobering to say the least. Then as now in France the first order of business is to restore order with force. But the job doesn't end there, unless actions are taken to repair the underlying problems all it will take is a small spark to reignite the wildfire.

Posted by: Silence Dogood at November 7, 2005 3:04 PM
But jk thinks:

The '92 LA riots scared me as well. I was in Minnesota and was worried about driving home, worried that the whole fabric of the nation was being rend in twain. Sugarchuck took me to Northridge, MN, and things didn't look so bad.

Looking back, it does not appear that there was enough fuel to keep them alive. There is/was turbulence in the African American community but it was not enough to sustain or spread violence.

I have to watch for schadenfreude here. I do not want Western Europe to fall. I do not want my most dystopian predictions to occur.

But these rioters seem disaffected in a way that the LA folks were not. They are a lot less assimilated into the mainstream culture and they have far less opportunity.

I think Steyn's point is less about Socialism than about what he sees as a permanent conflict between East-West, or Islam vs. everybody else. The multicultural, socialist, apologetic state does not seem capable of fixing these things it has broken.

My civil unrest story is that my dad packed us up and fled our Denver neighborhood when Dr. King was killed. My siblings laughed about this for decades, yet I found there was extreme rioting and violence about a mile away. The newspapers back then believed it best not to publish it for fear of fomenting more.

Posted by: jk at November 7, 2005 3:52 PM
But Silence Dogood thinks:

I don't know JK, are they less assimilated and more disaffected? Perhaps somewhat, in many cases we are talking about at most 2nd generation folks so they have had less time to assimilate than some of our own rioters. I am not sure who that speaks worse of, the French for the magnitude of their current problem, or us who have disaffected folks after many generations. Basically I see this more as racism and lack of economic hope and thus more in tune with problems we face here in our cities than with Islamic radicals. It's about discrimination (real or perceived) and lack of employment opportunities not some grand East-West or Islamic struggle. Malcom X preached Islam and African identity but the reality is that these youth share much more in common with their adopted countrymen than they do with those who live in their ancestral courtiers.

Posted by: Silence Dogood at November 8, 2005 11:40 AM